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Trailer frame design introduced
2016-01-29 17:05:04
Trailer frame design introduced
The frame is the skeleton of the vehicle, the vehicle is an important
bearing member , connected to each of the major assembly, bear a
role in the complex space force system . In general, the frame should
have sufficient strength , proper stiffness, rigidity and strength under
the premise to ensure minimum quality and structure should be as
simple as possible and so on. With the development of the
expressway, the speed continues to improve, thus requiring the frame
to have sufficient resistance to bending and torsional deformation
capacity .
Trailer frame features , mainly the front of the frame and chassis to
install kingpins and connected by pins and towing towing tractor seat .
Thus , the top of the frame on the tractor frame above the many . For
the loading of goods centroid decreased exercise necessary to ensure
the stability of the train at first , it is necessary to make the cargo floor
to the rear plane of the frame as low as possible . The following three
types of the frame structure are associated with this feature .
Meanwhile, the semi-trailer wheelbase is generally longer , in order to
reduce the total mass of the trailer frame , sometimes in the sub- panel
stringers will play some holes. These round or square ( rectangular )
holes , but also for the ( brake ) tubes, ( electric ) lines by providing a
convenient, but also to the frame assembly, maintenance and repair
provides some convenience. Thus , the frame design should meet the
following requirements :
( 1 ) General arrangement satisfies the requirements : the maximum
width of the front end of the tractor frame restricted maximum turning
angle of the steering wheel , the minimum value depends on the outer
dimensions of the engine ; maximum width of the rear end of the frame
of the tire and the steel sheet according to need width and may be
spring installation .
( 2 ) must have sufficient strength : To ensure that no serious
damage to the frame of long-term use in a variety of complex working
conditions.
( 3 ) have suitable stiffness : on the one hand , the frame under
various conditions can greatly deformed , and the relative position
make the assembly of the frame member is fixed to the frame at little
change to ensure that they can work without the risk of interference or
running motion noise ; hand, frame stiffness, especially torsional
stiffness is not too large , in order to avoid uneven road through the
frame to make unnecessary breakage , while also match the stiffness
of the suspension angle relative to the vehicle .
( 4 ) to save material and reduce the quality : to ensure the frame
has sufficient rigidity and strength necessary prerequisite to simplify the
structure of the frame should be possible to reduce the material
consumption , to reduce production costs.
Meanwhile, the frame should be easy to manufacture and
maintenance.
Frame design should pay attention to the following questions:
( 1 ) almost all of the various components of the frame stampings,
therefore , the shape of each component to try to meet the
requirements of the stamping process , drawing the amount can not be
too big, not too much more than expected in order to save material ;
( 2 ) on the torsion stress on each section is always the maximum of
the flange surface of the lower wing , and therefore the frame , as far
as possible not to the airfoil drilling process defects or other openings .
In the former wing frame rails between the rear axle , the rear
suspension part on the wing stringer so ban drilling. When drilling on
the frame rails and beams web , hole spacing and hole size should be
specified.
( 3 ) in the frame welding parts , the frame should be used with the
same material as the material weldability welding . Can optionally be
welded to the frame . When necessary welding, etc. should be noted
that the frame of the fillet weld is not allowed .
( 4 ) For withstand torsional stress components, should be adopted
in the torsional stiffness of the box-shaped cross-section and closed
tube , etc. to manufacture .
( 5 ) In order to avoid cracking , frame material bending fillet radius
should be larger than the thickness of the sheet of some material for
steel 16MnL general fillet radius should be equal to 1.5-2 times the
sheet thickness.
( 6 ) a reinforcing plate to the side sill , the side sill reinforcement
plate of the torsional stress decreased, but strengthening the torsional
stress in leaves but increased again at the plate , the shape of the
reinforcing plate to be gradually reduced to the ends thus eased ,
excessive torsional stress .
( 7 ) stringer torsional stress is segmented according to the different
positions of the beam , each beam connections with torsional stress or
the maximum or minimum, if the installation of a beam between the
two beams , the frame torsional stress increased, the installation of the
beam at the torsional stress increases and stringers in connection with
the original two beams torsional stress declines and arrangement of
beams should pay attention to this issue.
( 8 ) the need to strengthen the place of the frame , can be used to
strengthen this way : ① the slotted section of the reinforcing plate
attached to the inside or outside stringers strengthening effect is very
significant ; ② the use of L -shaped cross-section stiffeners attached
stringer withstand tensile stress on one side ; ③ strengthen the
stringers become box -shaped cross section , the method is simple , to
strengthen the effects are good , but there is a certain effect on the
torsional stiffness ; ④ board to strengthen the wing , but the effect is
not obvious.
